Implementing QuickSort Algorithm in Java

QuickSort is based on the divide-and-conquer approach. Its core involves selecting a pivot element to partition the array into elements less than and greater than the pivot, followed by recursively sorting the subarrays. With an average time complexity of O(n log n), it is a commonly used and efficient sorting algorithm. **Basic Steps**: 1. Select a pivot (e.g., the rightmost element). 2. Partition the array based on the pivot. 3. Recursively sort the left and right subarrays. **Partition Logic**: Using the rightmost element as the pivot, define an index `i` to point to the end of the "less than pivot" region. Traverse the array, swapping elements smaller than the pivot into this region. Finally, move the pivot to its correct position. The Java code implements this logic. The time complexity is O(n log n) on average and O(n²) in the worst case, with an average space complexity of O(log n). A notable drawback is that QuickSort is an unstable sort, and its worst-case performance can be poor, so optimizing the pivot selection is crucial to improve performance.