Git Ignore Files: Other Exclusion Methods Besides .gitignore
Git, besides `.gitignore`, offers multiple ways to ignore files for different scenarios. `.git/info/exclude` is only for the local repository and its rules are not shared; directly add ignore rules here (e.g., personal IDE configurations). `git update-index --assume-unchanged` is used for tracked files to prevent Git from checking modifications (e.g., local configuration files). `--skip-worktree` is stricter, prohibiting Git from tracking sensitive files (e.g., passwords). `git rm --cached` can remove a tracked file from the repository while keeping it locally. Selection guide: Use `.gitignore` for daily general rules to share them, use `.git/info/exclude` for local personal needs, apply the above two for ignoring already tracked files, and use `git rm --cached` to remove files. Mastering these allows flexible management of the tracking scope, avoiding repository bloat or information leakage.
Read MoreDetailed Explanation of Git Workflow: Complete Process from Feature Branches to Main Branch
Git workflow serves as the "traffic rules" for team collaboration, stipulating code submission, merging, and version management rules to ensure orderly collaboration. A simplified Git Flow strategy is recommended: the main branch (`main`) stores stable deployable code, feature branches (e.g., `feature/xxx`) are developed independently, and merged into the main branch after completion and testing. Essential basic commands include cloning, creating a branch (`git checkout -b`), staging (`git add .`), committing (`git commit`), pulling (`git pull`), merging (`git merge`), and pushing (`git push`). Taking the development of the login feature as an example, the complete workflow steps are: 1. Ensure the main branch (`main`) is up-to-date (`git checkout main` + `git pull`); 2. Create a feature branch (`git checkout -b feature/login`); 3. After development, commit (`git status` + `add` + `commit`); 4. Synchronize with main branch updates (pull main branch and merge); 5. Push the feature branch to the remote; 6. Merge into the main branch (via PR if applicable) and clean up the branch. When conflicts occur, manually edit the conflict file (remove `<<<<<<<`
Read More详解Git暂存区：为何需先执行add再进行commit？
This article introduces Git's staging area and core operation logic. Git consists of three areas: the working directory (where files are manipulated), the staging area (a transfer station), and the local repository (historical versions). The staging area is a critical filter before commits. The core logic is "add first, then commit": the staging area allows step-by-step commits (e.g., dividing a novel into chapters), preventing accidental commits of incomplete work. `git add` adds modifications from the working directory to the staging area, while `git commit` submits the staged content to the local repository to form a version. Key points: Committing directly without adding will prompt "nothing to commit". `git reset HEAD <filename>` can undo changes in the staging area. The staging area enables flexible commits, ensures version clarity, and acts as the "final checkpoint" before Git commits. In summary, the staging area, through filtering and transfer, enables staged commits, modification checks, and flexible adjustments, being a core design to avoid accidental commits and maintain historical clarity.
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