Git Commit Message Specification: Enhancing Team Collaboration Efficiency
In daily development, standardized Git commit messages are crucial for team collaboration and issue tracking, as non-standardized messages can lead to version history chaos. The current mainstream specification is Conventional Commits, with the following structure: mandatory type (e.g., `feat` for new features, `fix` for bug fixes, `docs` for documentation), optional scope (limiting module scope, e.g., `user module`), brief description (core content), optional body (detailed explanation), and optional footer (linking to issues or indicating breaking changes). Tools can help develop this habit: `commitizen` (interactive tool) or `commitlint + husky` (automatic pre-commit checks). The benefits of standardization include improved collaboration efficiency, automated version log generation, clear issue tracking, and early warning of breaking changes, making it worthwhile for teams to adopt.
Read MoreDetailed Explanation of Git Workflow: Complete Process from Feature Branches to Main Branch
Git workflow serves as the "traffic rules" for team collaboration, stipulating code submission, merging, and version management rules to ensure orderly collaboration. A simplified Git Flow strategy is recommended: the main branch (`main`) stores stable deployable code, feature branches (e.g., `feature/xxx`) are developed independently, and merged into the main branch after completion and testing. Essential basic commands include cloning, creating a branch (`git checkout -b`), staging (`git add .`), committing (`git commit`), pulling (`git pull`), merging (`git merge`), and pushing (`git push`). Taking the development of the login feature as an example, the complete workflow steps are: 1. Ensure the main branch (`main`) is up-to-date (`git checkout main` + `git pull`); 2. Create a feature branch (`git checkout -b feature/login`); 3. After development, commit (`git status` + `add` + `commit`); 4. Synchronize with main branch updates (pull main branch and merge); 5. Push the feature branch to the remote; 6. Merge into the main branch (via PR if applicable) and clean up the branch. When conflicts occur, manually edit the conflict file (remove `<<<<<<<`
Read MoreGit Clone Operation: Copying a Project from a Remote Repository to the Local Machine
This article introduces the Git clone operation, which is used to completely copy a remote repository project to the local machine. The core steps are as follows: **Prereparations**: First, install Git, configure your identity (`git config --global user.name/email`), and obtain the remote repository address (in HTTPS or SSH format). **Performing the Clone**: Use the command `git clone [remote URL] [local folder name]`. By default, a folder with the same name as the repository is created, and you can also customize the local name (e.g., `git clone [URL] my-project`). **After Clone**: The local machine will contain all project files and branch structures. The remote repository is by default marked as "origin", which can be verified using `git remote -v`. **Common Issues**: For permission/address errors, check the address or permissions. If the speed is slow, SSH is recommended. To clone only a specific branch, use the `-b` parameter (e.g., `-b dev`). To avoid entering passwords: use `credential.helper` for HTTPS, or configure SSH keys. Cloning is the first step in Git usage. Once mastered, you can develop locally and push/pull updates.
Read More